Tirgu-Mures is situated in centre of the country Romania, at intersect of Transylvania Field – Mures Valley – Niraj Valley. Since 1300 (the first documentary) these suroundings were recognized as very important for Transylvania region, here taking place yearly many markets. About these markets the Szekelys (part of Hungarians) had builded little settlements creating the locality Siculorum Forum (Market of Szekelys). Due to the big number of trades the locality had known a big development. In this way, in 29.april 1616 the prince of Transylvania, Bethlen Gabor, raised the settlement to royal city status under Marosvasarhely name (in Hungarian language meaning market place on Mures). The population depending on their nationality, named the city Tirgu-Mures (Roumanians), Marosvasarhely (Hungarians), Neumarkt am Miresch (Germans) or Agropolis (cereals’ market – by Greeks). A long time the city host the residence of Mures board (area’s leadership) and “Dietei Transilvaniei” (memorable being the freedom of religion in Transylvania Principality since 1571). Between 1605-1652 Borsos Tamas initiated the building of the city’s fortress and also of the other building with a special architecture value. The town was remarked due to its important cultural centre’s development. In 1492 was founded the first school (on the premises of Franciscan monastery) and in 1956 a Calvinist-Reformed college. With the printing house’s open (1786) the cultural life of the city enlivens. An important role in the town’s development had Teleki Laszlo Count, which had buyed the oldest house with floor from the city and renovated, then he arranged here the first museum and also the first library (over 60.000 volumes). An other special construction of the city is Palatul Culturii – Palace of the Cultur (builded between 1911-1913) remarkable both for its exterior and interior decoration. The interior hall (45 m long) is achieved from Carrara’s marble delimited by the two huge Venetian mirrors. The mosaic, the frescos, the three-dimensional works of art, the stained-glass windows were achieved by the well-known artists of the time (Korosfoi-Kriesch Alada, Kallos Ede, Nagy Sandor, Thoroczkoi-Wigand Ede and Roth Miksa). This Palace of Cultur is hosting today: Stete’s Philharmony, Mures county’s library, Art Museum, Art Galleries, Historical Museum’s permanent exhibition etc. The ortodoxe cathedral is an other attraction point of the city, designed by Iosif Vlad in byzantin style (1934) being remarked through its interior design (finalized in 1986). Touristical attractions in surroundings: Sighisoara (57 km), Sovata (54 km), Sangeorgiu de Mures (6 km – salty baths with the richest iodine contents from Europe), Zau de Campie (reservation of peony and pond) and Toplita (97 km-thermal baths).
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